I came across this a few weeks ago. It's a blog post from Vercel reporting on how Google crawls, renders and indexes javascript content.
[vercel.com...]

The goal of the study was to debunk myth about JS/SEO:

Myth 1: "Google can't render JavaScript content"
Myth 2: "Google treats JavaScript pages differently"
Myth 3: "Rendering queue and timing significantly impact SEO"
Myth 4: "JavaScript-heavy sites have slower page discovery"

Vercel is a cloud hosting provider, that is very closely tied to Next.js (React). So this study/post is definitely biased, but regardless it does provide valuable insight into Google's handling JS content and also the current state of crawling, rendering and indexing.